"24 Chinese Solar Terms" ndikomasulira kolondola kwa "24节气" mu Chingerezi. Mawu amenewa akuimira njira yachikhalidwe cha ku China yogawa chaka m’magawo 24 malinga ndi kumene kuli dzuŵa, kusonyeza kusintha kwa nyengo ndi nyengo m’chaka chonse. Iwo ali ndi zofunika kwambiri zachikhalidwe ndi zaulimi ku China.
"Mawu 24 a Dzuwa" amatanthauza njira yachikhalidwe yaku China yogawa chaka m'magawo 24, kuwonetsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndi ntchito zaulimi. Mawuwa amagawidwa mofanana chaka chonse, zikuchitika pafupifupi masiku 15 aliwonse. Nazi zina zodziwika bwino za 24 Solar Terms:
1. **Maina a Migwirizano 24 ya Dzuwa**: Mawu 24 a Dzuwa, malinga ndi maonekedwe ake, akuphatikizapo Chiyambi cha Kasupe, Madzi a Mvula, Kudzutsidwa kwa Tizilombo, Vernal Equinox, Mowoneka bwino ndi Wowala, Mvula yambewu, Chiyambi cha Chilimwe, Njere. Mphukira, Mbewu mu Khutu, Kutentha kwa Chilimwe, Kutentha Kwakung'ono, Kutentha Kwakukulu, Kuyamba kwa Yophukira, Kutha kwa Kutentha, White Dew, Autumnal Equinox, Cold Dew, Frost's Descent, Beginning of Winter, Little Snow, Major Snow, Winter Solstice, ndi Minor Cold.
2. **Kuwonetsa Kusintha kwa Nyengo**: Mawu 24 a Dzuwa akuwonetsa kusintha kwa nyengo ndikuthandizira alimi kudziwa nthawi yobzala, kukolola komanso kuchita ntchito zina zaulimi.
3. **Makhalidwe Anyengo**: Nyengo iliyonse ya Dzuwa ili ndi mawonekedwe ake anyengo. Mwachitsanzo, Chiyambi cha Kasupe chimasonyeza chiyambi cha masika, Kutentha Kwakukulu kumaimira nsonga yachilimwe, ndipo Winter Solstice imasonyeza nyengo yozizira.
4. **Kufunika Kwa Chikhalidwe**: Mawu 24 a Dzuwa sali ofunikira pazaulimi komanso okhazikika mu miyambo yachi China. Liwu lililonse limagwirizanitsidwa ndi miyambo, nthano, ndi zikondwerero.
5. **Zakudya Zam'nyengo**: Nthawi iliyonse ya Dzuwa imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zakudya zachikhalidwe, monga kudya ma dumplings obiriwira pa Clear and Bright kapena dumplings pa Winter Solstice. Zakudya izi zimasonyeza chikhalidwe ndi nyengo ya teremu iliyonse.
6. **Magwiritsidwe Amakono**: Ngakhale kuti Mawu 24 a Dzuwa adachokera kumadera aulimi, amawonedwabe ndikukondweretsedwa masiku ano. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito polosera zam'mlengalenga ndi zoyeserera zoteteza chilengedwe.
Mwachidule, 24 Solar Terms amapanga dongosolo lofunika kwakanthawi mu chikhalidwe cha China, kulumikiza anthu ndi chilengedwe ndikusunga miyambo yakale yaulimi.
Nazi zina zodziwika bwino za 24 Solar Terms:
1. 立春 (Lì Chūn) – Kuyamba kwa Kasupe
2. 雨水 (Yǔ Shuǐ) – Madzi a Mvula
3. 惊蛰 (Jīng Zhé) - Kudzuka kwa Tizilombo
4. 春分 (Chūn Fēn) – Spring Equinox
5. 清明 (Qīng Míng) - Zomveka komanso Zowala
6. 谷雨 (Gǔ Yǔ) – Mvula ya Njere
7. 立夏 (Lì Xià) - Kuyamba kwa Chilimwe
8. 小满 (Xiǎo Mǎn) – Njere Zodzaza
9. 芒种 (Máng Zhòng) – Grain in Ear
10. 夏至 (Xià Zhì) – Summer Solstice
11. 小暑 (Xiǎo Shǔ) - Kutentha Pang'ono
12. 大暑 (Dà Shǔ) - Kutentha Kwakukulu
13. 立秋 (Lì Qiū) – Kuyamba kwa Yophukira
14. 处暑 (Chù Shǔ) – Malire a Kutentha
15. 白露 (Bái Lù) – Mame Oyera
16. 秋分 (Qiū Fēn) – Autumn Equinox
17. 寒露 (Hán Lù) – Mame Ozizira
18. 霜降 (Shuāng Jiàng) - Kutsika kwa Frost
19. 立冬 (Lì Dōng) - Kuyamba kwa Zima
20. 小雪 (Xiǎo Xuě) - Chipale Chofewa
21. 大雪 (Dà Xuě) - Chipale chofewa chachikulu
22. 冬至 (Dōng Zhì) - Winter Solstice
23. 小寒 (Xiǎo Hán) - Kuzizira Kochepa
24. 大寒 (Dà Hán) - Kuzizira Kwakukulu
Nthawi ya 24 Solar Terms:
**Kasupe:**
1. 立春 (Lìchūn) – Pafupifupi pa 4 February
2. 雨水 (Yǔshuǐ) - Pafupifupi pa 18 February
3. 惊蛰 (Jīngzhé) - Pafupifupi March 5th
4. 春分 (Chūnfēn) - Pafupifupi March 20th
5. 清明 (Qīngmíng) - Pafupi ndi April 4
6. 谷雨 (Gǔyǔ) - Pafupifupi pa Epulo 19
**Chilimwe:**
7. 立夏 (Lìxià) - Pafupifupi Meyi 5
8. 小满 (Xiǎomǎn) - Pafupifupi Meyi 21st
9. 芒种 (Mángzhòng) – Pafupifupi pa June 6
10. 夏至 (Xiàzhì) - Pafupifupi pa June 21st
11. 小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ) - Pafupifupi pa Julayi 7
12. 大暑 (Dàshǔ) - Pafupifupi pa July 22nd
**Nyengo:**
13. 立秋 (Lìqiū) - Pafupifupi August 7th
14. 处暑 (Chǔshǔ) - Pafupifupi pa Ogasiti 23
15. 白露 (Báilù) - Pafupi ndi September 7th
16. 秋分 (Qiūfēn) – Pafupi September 22nd
17. 寒露 (Hánlù) - Pafupi ndi October 8th
18. 霜降 (Shuāngjiàng) - Pafupi ndi October 23rd
**Zima:**
19. 立冬 (Lìdōng) – Pafupi November 7th
20. 小雪 (Xiǎoxuě) - Pafupifupi Novembara 22nd
21. 大雪 (Dàxuě) - Pafupifupi 7 December
22. 冬至 (Dōngzhì) - Pafupifupi 21 December
23. 小寒 (Xiǎohán) - Pafupifupi Januware 5
24. 大寒 (Dàhán) - Pafupifupi Januware 20
Mawu oyendera dzuwawa ali ndi tanthauzo lapadera mu kalendala ya mwezi wa China ndipo amawonetsa kusintha kwanyengo ndi ulimi chaka chonse. Iwo ali ndi mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe chakuya mu chikhalidwe cha China.
“Khalani tcheru kuti muone zosintha pamasamba; mfundo zochepa zachidziwitso zikuyembekezera kufufuza kwanu."
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-12-2023
